The requirement of power is increasing day by day which can only be met by creating power generating substations. Power generation can be of different types like –
- Thermal power
- Hydro electric power
- Atomic power
They can be built as per the resources available for generating power. It is also necessary to distribute the power from these power substations to the location of load by using substation transformers.
What is substation?
This is electrical system having high voltage capacity which can be used for controlling generators, apparatus, electrical circuits etc. Generally, substations convert AC power into DC power.
Few substations can be very huge one where you can find many transformers, circuit breakers, switches and equipment.
Different types of substations
There are following types of transformers which are briefly discussed in the following:
- Step-up type substation
Such substation usually gets power from any nearby power producing facility and then uses a large transformer in order to step up the voltage level in order to transmit power to different locations.
Power transmission is usually carried out by using transmission lines or buses.
- Step-down type of substation
Such kind of substations are placed at many different points within the electrical network system.
By using such substations, you can change the voltage to much lower level of voltage like 69 V.
- Distribution
This kind of distribution substations are usually placed between main voltage distribution and the step-down transformers in order to carry the supply to various consumers.
The voltage between each phase will be 400 V which is between neutral and one of the phases will be 230 V.
- Underground distribution
Generally, in urban location where space is limited for creating large substation, and any substation cannot be built where underground option is chosen.
Basic idea behind this concept is to provide more space for other building construction and also other shopping places etc.
- Switchyard
This switchyard is considered as the mediator between transmission and the generation, and also equal voltage is maintained in switchyard.
The basic purpose of switchyard is for supplying generated energy from power plant at particular voltage level to nearby transmission line/power grid.
- System station
Here it includes huge power transfer across all the station and called as system station. Such stations can not offer power transformers while all others can do voltage exchange too.
These stations can be strategic services and also very costly to maintain and build.
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